// Neural ART1 in C++
// Author: John McCullock
// Date: 9-25-05

#include <iostream>
#include <iomanip>
#include <cmath>
#include <string>

using namespace std;

const int inPatterns = 21;      // Total input patterns.
const int n = 63;               // Number of components in an input vector.
const int m = 10;               // Max number of clusters to be formed.
const double vigilance = 0.3;

const int fontWidth = 7;

int Pattern[inPatterns][n] = {{0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 0, 1, 1, 1},

                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},

                                {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},

                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},

                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1},

                                {0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},

                                {1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1},

                                {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0},

                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},

                                {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},

                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},
                                
                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1},
                                
                                {0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},
                                
                                {1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0},
                                
                                {0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1},
                                
                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0},
                                
                                {0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},
                                
                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0},
                                
                                {1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1,
                                1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1, 1},
                                
                                {0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0},
                                
                                {1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0,
                                0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0,
                                1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1, 1}};

int trainingPatterns = inPatterns;  // How many PATTERNS for training weights.

double bw[m][n];    // Bottom-up weights.
int tw[m][n];       // Top-down weights.

int f1a[n];         // Input layer.
int f1b[n];         // Interface layer.
double f2[m];

int membership[inPatterns];
bool notFirstEpoch = false;

void initialize();
void ART1();
int vectorSum(int nodeArray[]);
int maximum(double nodeArray[]);
bool testForReset(int activationSum, int inputSum,
                  double f2Array[], int f2Max);
void updateWeights(double bwArray[m][n],
                   int twArray[m][n],
                   int activationSum,
                   int f2Max);
void printResults();

int main(){

    initialize();
    ART1();
    printResults();

    return 0;
}

void initialize(){

    // Initialize bottom-up weight matrix.
    for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
        for(int j = 0; j <= (n - 1); j++){
            bw[i][j] = 1.0 / (1.0 + n);
        }
    }

    // Initialize top-down weight matrix.
    for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
        for(int j = 0; j <= (n - 1); j++){
            tw[i][j] = 1;
        }
    }

}

void ART1(){

    int inputSum, activationSum, f2Max;
    bool reset;

    for(int vecNum = 0; vecNum <= (inPatterns - 1); vecNum++){

        // Initialize f2 layer activations to 0.0
        for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
            f2[i] = 0.0;
        }

        // Input pattern() to f1 layer.
        for(int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i++){
            f1a[i] = Pattern[vecNum][i];
        }

        // Compute sum of input pattern.
        inputSum = vectorSum(f1a);

        // Compute activations for each node in the f1 layer.
        // Send input signal from F1a to the f1b layer.
        for(int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i++){
            f1b[i] = f1a[i];
        }

        // Compute net input for each node in the F2 layer.
        for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
            for(int j = 0; j <= (n - 1); j++){
                f2[i] += bw[i][j] * f1a[j];
            }
        }

        reset = true;
        do {

            // Determine the largest value of the F2 nodes.
            f2Max = maximum(f2);
            
            // Recompute the f1a to f1b activations (perform AND function).
            for(int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i++){
                f1b[i] = f1a[i] * tw[f2Max][i];
            }

            // Compute sum of input pattern.
            activationSum = vectorSum(f1b);

            reset = testForReset(activationSum, inputSum, f2, f2Max);
        
        } while(reset == true);

        // Only use number of TRAINING_PATTERNS for training, 
        // the rest are tests.
        if(vecNum < trainingPatterns){
            updateWeights(bw, tw, activationSum, f2Max);
        }

        // Record which cluster the input vector is assigned to.
        membership[vecNum] = f2Max;

    } // vecNum

}

void updateWeights(double bwArray[m][n], int twArray[m][n],
                   int activationSum, int f2Max){
    
    //Update bw(f2Max)
    for(int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i++){
        bwArray[f2Max][i] = (2.0 * f1b[i]) / (1.0 + activationSum);
    }

    //Update tw(f2Max)
    for(int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i++){
        twArray[f2Max][i] = f1b[i];
    }

}

int vectorSum(int nodeArray[n]){
    int tempSum = 0;

    //Compute sum of input pattern.
    for(int i = 0; i <= (n - 1); i++){
        tempSum += nodeArray[i];
    }

    return tempSum;
}

int maximum(double nodeArray[m]){
    int winner;
    bool foundNewWinner;
    bool done = false;

    winner = 0;
    do {
        foundNewWinner = false;
        for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
            if(nodeArray[i] > nodeArray[winner]){
                winner = i;
                foundNewWinner = true;
            }
        }

        if(foundNewWinner == false){
            done = true;
        }

    } while(done == false);

    return winner;
}

bool testForReset(int activationSum, int inputSum,
                  double f2Array[m], int f2Max){

    if((static_cast<double>(activationSum) /
        static_cast<double>(inputSum)) >= vigilance){

        return false;           //Candidate is accepted.

    }else if((static_cast<double>(activationSum) /
        static_cast<double>(inputSum)) < vigilance){

        f2Array[f2Max] = -1.0;  //Inhibit.
        return true;            //Candidate is rejected.

    }
}

void printResults(){
    int k;

    cout << "Input vectors assigned to each cluster:\n\n";
    for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
        cout << "Cluster # " << i << ": ";
        for(int j = 0; j <= (inPatterns - 1); j++){
            if(membership[j] == i){
                cout << j << ", ";
            }
        }
        cout << "\n";
    }

    k = 0;
    cout << "Final weight values for each cluster:\n\n";
    for(int i = 0; i <= (m - 1); i++){
        for(int j = 0; j <= (n - 1); j++){
            if(tw[i][j] > 0){
                cout << "#";
            }else{
                cout << ".";
            }
            
            k += 1;
            if(k == fontWidth){
                cout << "\n";
                k = 0;
            }
        }
        cout << "\n";
    }

}